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°Ô½ÃÀÏ : 2019.05.17

 [°­³²YBM ÅäÇÃ] ¹èÁÖÀº½ÜÀÇ ÅäÇùè°æÁö½Ä – The evolution of the peppered moth

 

Peppered moth ¿Í »ê¾÷Çõ¸íÀº ÀÚ¿¬¼±Åü³ natural selectionÀ» °£´ÜÇÏ°í ÀÌÇØÇϱ⠽±°Ô ¼³¸íÇØÁÖ´Â ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ ¿¹½Ã¶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. »ý¹°½Ã°£¿¡ ÁøÈ­¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ °øºÎÇÒ ¶§ ÇѹøÂëÀº µé¾îº» ¾ê±â¶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

 

¾ó¸¶Àü ½ÃÇè¿¡ »ê¾÷Çõ¸í°ú ³ª¹æÀÇ »öº¯È­¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁÖÁ¦°¡ ÃâÁ¦µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

°ü·ÃµÈ ¹è°æÁö½ÄÀ» Á¶±Ý Á¤¸®ÇØ ºÃ½À´Ï´Ù.

 

The evolution of the peppered moth over the last two hundred years has been studied in detail. Originally, the vast majority of peppered moths had light colouration, which according to theory,effectively camouflaged them against the light-coloured trees and lichens(ÁöÀǽĹ°/À̳¢·ù) which they rested upon.

¿ø·¡ peppered moth´Â ¹àÀº »öÀÌ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ±×µéÀº ¹àÀº »ö ³ª¹«¿¡¼­ ¸öÀ» ¼û±â¸ç ÆíÇÏ°Ô ½¯ ¼ö ÀÖ¾úÁÒ.

However, because of widespread pollution during the Industrial Revolution in England, many of the lichens died out, and the trees that peppered moths rested on became blackened by soot, causing most of the light-coloured moths, to die off from predation. At the same time, the dark-coloured moths flourished because of their ability to hide on the darkened trees.

 

ÇÏÁö¸¸ »ê¾÷Çõ¸í°ú ÇÔ²², ¿µ±¹¿¡ ¿À¿°ÀÌ ³Ð°Ô ÆÛÁö¸é¼­ À̳¢µéÀÌ Á×°í, ³ª¹«µéÀÌ °Ë°Ô º¯Çϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ¹àÀº »öÀÇ ³ª¹æµéÀÌ Æ÷½ÄÀڵ鿡°Ô ÀâÇϸÔÇô ´ë·®À¸·Î Á×°Ô µÇÁÒ. µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¾îµÎ¿î »öÀÇ ³ª¹æµéÀÌ ¹ø¼ºÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ±×µéÀº ¾îµÎ¿öÁø ³ª¹«¿¡ Àß ¼ûÀ» ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®Áö¿ä.

Since then, with improved environmental standards, light-coloured peppered moths have again become common, but the dramatic change in the peppered moth's population has remained a subject of much interest and study, and has led to the coining of the term industrial melanism to refer to the genetic darkening of species in response to pollutants. As a result of the relatively simple and easy-to-understand circumstances of the adaptation, the peppered moth has become a common example used in attempting to explain or demonstrate natural selection.

 

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